Physical fitness essential for healthy back
With changes in the spine that come with aging, occasional backaches may grow more frequent and blossom into a chronic and disabling pain condition.
But this doesn’t have to happen to you. To maintain the best back health possible, you have to address both the body and the mind, said Dr. Zacharia Isaac, a physical medicine and rehabilitation doctor at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass.
“Cardiovascular and strength training are good basic prevention to keep your back healthy,” Isaac said. “Because of the brain’s involvement with back pain, maintaining a good sleep cycle and good emotional state are also very important.”
Tips
1. Don’t baby your back.
It’s important to respond to back pain constructively.
“Acute back pain flare-ups are so painful that most people start to baby their backs,” Isaac said. “If people tend to shrink too much from their daily activity level, they get de-conditioned.” In turn, de-conditioning can lead to worse pain and disability.
“Neurological changes happen that sensitize you to the pain,” Dr. Isaac said. “That feeds into a cycle of more avoidance of activity and more de-conditioning.”
When you have a sore back, avoid extended bed rest. Slowly transition back to your usual activities.
“It’s important to maintain normalcy,” Isaac said. “Get up and walk around the house. Try to do light tasks. Maintain moderate activity.”
2. Strengthen your core.
Strengthen the muscles that support the lower spine as an insurance policy.
“Moderate exercise is very helpful,” Isaac said. “Many people who are moderate exercisers have fewer musculoskeletal problems.”
Ask your doctor to suggest daily back exercises appropriate to your condition, or ask for a referral to a physical therapist to teach you the most effective exercises to prevent back pain.
3. Stay limber.
If the muscles that support the lower spine become tight, it can make pain worse. Trouble generally develops in the muscles and ligaments of the pelvic girdle, which allow you to bend and twist at the waist.
“When the hip girdle is unbalanced, you have more flare-ups of back pain,” Isaac said.
Learn some stretches to keep your pelvic girdle limber. Some of the same exercises often recommended for routine back pain will help, but a physical therapist can carefully assess your specific musculoskeletal issues and prescribe stretches to release the tension.
4. Straighten up.
Poor posture can put stress on the back and trigger back pain. Don’t slouch when you sit. If you are slouching or leaning because of ongoing pain, loosening the hip girdle with stretching exercises may help.
“That allows you to stand more upright and put less mechanical strain on the low back,” Isaac said.
5. Get some sleep.
Getting restful sleep is essential for anyone with back problems because sleep deprivation sensitizes you to pain.
“When you have poor sleep, it also alters brain chemistry and you’re more prone to developing a chronic pain state,” Isaac said.
6. Stay positive and relax.
People who are depressed and anxious tend to have worse back problems. And of course back pain itself can get you down. Like sleep deprivation, blue moods and anxiety can make you more sensitive to pain.
Relaxing deep-breathing exercises can help relieve the stress of a back pain flare-up. If you are getting depressed, anxious or hopeless about your condition, ask for more help from your doctor.
Think of the flare-up as a temporary setback, and focus on what you will be able to do in the future to make back pain a less frequent companion in your life.
— Harvard Men’s Health Watch
© 2015. President and Fellows of Harvard College. All Rights Reserved. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.